Buyer Tool · Independent

Pre-purchase Checklist

Nine inspection categories for buyers of used construction equipment in Europe. Take it to the machine, send it to your inspector, or use it alongside a MachineryAssistant report.

Use the checklist ↓CAT 320 model guide →
Overview

What the checklist covers

Who it is for

Buyers travelling to inspect a used machine — excavators, wheel loaders, or telehandlers — at a seller's yard or dealer location. Also useful for sending to an independent pre-purchase inspector in advance.

What it covers

Nine categories: documents, hours, hydraulics, undercarriage and tyres, pins and bushings, cab, attachments, test run, and seller questions. Items are ordered by impact on value and inspection risk.

When to use it

Before travel to identify which categories apply to the machine type. During the inspection to ensure systematic coverage. Alongside a MachineryAssistant report or model guide for context on specific risk areas.

Nine categories

Inspection checklist

Items are ordered by impact on value and risk within each category. Adapt to the machine type and generation where noted.

01Documents
Service history and oil change intervals
Registration and ownership documentation
Emissions certificate — Stage/Tier compliance where required
Outstanding finance or liens on the machine
Export VAT documentation for cross-border purchases
02Hours
Cross-reference display hours with ECM readout where possible
Average hours per year — high relative to age warrants attention
Hours since last major service
03Hydraulics
Test all functions: boom, stick, bucket, swing, travel
Hoses at boom pivot, boom foot, and coupler — inspect for chafing or weeping
Cylinder rods — no scratches, corrosion, or seal weeping
Auxiliary hydraulic function: hammer, quick coupler
04Undercarriage / Tyres
Track pad thickness, sprocket wear, idler condition, link pitch
Request formal undercarriage measurement quote as a negotiating baseline
Track tension adjustment
Tyre tread depth and condition (wheeled machines)
05Pins and Bushings
Lateral play at boom foot, stick, and bucket pins — >2 mm warrants attention
Dipper arm pivot — check for movement and grease
Quick coupler pin and safety lock mechanism
All grease points — verify central greasing function if fitted
06Cab
All display screens and instruments operational
HVAC — heating and air conditioning function
Seat condition, adjustments, suspension; joystick function and pattern
Camera system operational; windows, door seals, wipers
07Attachments
Bucket teeth and side cutters — heavy wear indicates recent hard-material work
Quick coupler type and safety lock
Hammer lines — inspect for leaks; note auxiliary flow rate setting
Confirm any additional attachments included in the asking price
08Test Run
Cold start — smoke colour and startup time
Full working cycle: dig, swing, and load
Travel — straight-line tracking; listen for final drive noise
DPF / DEF system: no active warning lights; ask about regeneration frequency
09Seller Questions
Reason for selling
VAT included or excluded; export procedure for cross-border purchases
Telematics history access — Cat ET, KOMTRAX, Volvo CareTrack, or equivalent
Warranty or return period if applicable
Getting more from the checklist

Use with reports and model guides

Before travel

Review the checklist before committing to a viewing trip. Identify which categories are most relevant to the machine type and generation — a Tier 3 excavator has no DPF system to check; a Next Gen has electronics to verify. Knowing what to focus on saves time at the machine.

With a Daily Bulletin report

A MachineryAssistant report flags specific risk areas for the listing you are researching — undercarriage wear, missing service records, unusual seller context. Use the checklist to cover all categories systematically, not just the ones the report highlighted.

View a published report →
With a model guide

A model guide tells you which generation you are looking at and which emissions system is fitted. The checklist ensures you cover all inspection areas during the physical visit. The guide gives context; the checklist gives the framework.

CAT 320 model guide →
Save a copy

Print or bookmark

This checklist is on this page — no account required. Bookmark it to return on inspection day, or print it from your browser using Ctrl+P / ⌘P to take a copy to the machine.

You can also send the URL to your pre-purchase inspector or yard contact before the viewing.

Receive reports by email

Daily Bulletin

The Daily Bulletin applies this checklist framework to one machine per report — asking-price position, photo notes, inspection flags, and a verdict on each specific listing.

Limitations

What this checklist cannot replace

The checklist is a buyer framework — systematic, practical, and independent. It is not a condition certificate and does not guarantee machine quality or purchase outcome.

Professional mechanic inspection

A trained eye — ideally familiar with the specific model and generation — will identify wear patterns, repair history, and risk signals that a buyer checklist cannot capture. Consider engaging an independent inspector for machines above your confidence level.

OEM diagnostic readout

Cat ET, KOMTRAX, Volvo CareTrack, Hitachi ConSite, and equivalent telematics systems provide fault code history, DPF regeneration frequency, and component wear indicators not visible during a physical inspection. Request access where the seller can arrange it.

Formal undercarriage measurement report

An undercarriage measurement report from a specialist quantifies wear as a percentage and is the standard format used in price negotiations. A visual check is a starting point, not a substitute.

Legal and compliance advice

Emissions Stage/Tier compliance, cross-border registration, and import requirements vary by jurisdiction. This checklist does not constitute legal or compliance advice — verify with the relevant authority before purchase.

Transaction due diligence

This checklist is a buyer inspection tool — not a condition certificate, valuation, or purchase guarantee. MachineryAssistant is independent and does not represent sellers or act as a broker.

How MachineryAssistant works → /methodology
Related resources

Guides and reports

Model Guide · Live
CAT 320 / 320F / 320FL

Generation history, emissions systems, GC variant warning, and model-specific inspection context for the most traded 20t excavator in Europe.

Report #0 · May 13, 2026
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Asking-price benchmarking for a 2017 CAT 320FL against 8 active European comparable listings — with inspection flags and a verdict.

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